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Bedesten, Nicosia
Bedesten or Bedestan, formerly known as the Church of St Nicholas, is a historical building in the Selimiye quarter of North Nicosia. Originally built as a church in the 6th century and expanded in the 12th and 14th centuries, it was converted to a bedesten, a type of covered market, during the Ottoman rule and is currently used as a cultural center. It is next to the Selimiye Mosque, being located to its northwest.〔
== History ==
The earliest parts of the Bedesten were initially a Byzantine basilica, built in the 6th century. In late 12th century, English monks that were followers of Thomas Becket established a new church upon this church, and dedicated this Catholic church to St Nicholas. In the 14th century, during the Lusignan rule, a new church was built upon the remains of this church. During the Venetian rule of the island, it was used as the metropolitan bishopric building by the Orthodox church, and dedicated to Mary with the name Panagia Hadegetria.〔
In 1573, a few years after the Ottoman conquest of Cyprus, the building was given by the Ottoman authorities to the foundation of Haramayn, that of the two holy cities of Islam, Mecca and Medina, to be used as a bedesten (a covered textile market). It was later used as a market for food, and by the 1760s it was a food trading center for Turkish, Greek and Armenian merchants alike. By 1873, it had been converted into a flour depot with limited sale of flour, which was brought from Kythrea, by governmental officials. It was then used as a wheat depot in the 1870s and a generic storage place for the Evkaf Administration in the 1930s.
In the 1880s, the first years of British colonial rule, Lord Kitchener and other prominent British men in Cyprus wanted to buy or rent the building to convert it back to a church and use it as the Church of St Nicholas once again. This was not allowed as the property of a foundation could not be sold and a shrine of another religion could not be opened within 100 yards of a mosque. The British undertook some renovation of the building, which had been damaged due to weather and earthquakes, but this was not successful in that it did not reflect some of the original architecture. With the opening of the new municipal market, Bandabulya, in 1932, the building fell into disuse.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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